Vietnam corporate income tax (CIT) is charged at a standard rate of 20% on taxable profit. Smaller companies can pay 15% or 17%, depending on the previous year's revenue. Qualifying investment projects can get lower rates and tax holidays. Foreign-invested companies are set up under Vietnamese law, so they file and pay CIT like any other Vietnamese company. This guide explains the current rates, incentives, deductible costs, loss rules and filing deadlines under the 2025 CIT
Vietnam corporate income tax (CIT) is charged at a standard rate of 20% on taxable profit. Smaller companies can pay 15% or 17%, depending on the previous year's revenue. Qualifying investment projects can get lower rates and tax holidays. Foreign-invested companies are set up under Vietnamese law, so they file and pay CIT like any other Vietnamese company. This guide explains the current rates, incentives, deductible costs, loss rules and filing deadlines under the 2025 CIT
Most Vietnam tax deadlines 2027 follow a simple pattern. Monthly returns are due by the 20th of the next month. Quarterly returns and provisional corporate income tax (CIT) payments are due by the last day of the first month of the next quarter. For a calendar-year company, the big annual date is 31 March 2027, when the CIT finalization, the employer's PIT finalization and the 2026 financial statements are all due. This guide lists the recurring deadlines, the 2027 dates by m
A Hong Kong "certificate of good standing" is officially called a Certificate of Continuing Registration (CCR). The Companies Registry issues it for HK$170 for a live local company. For use in Vietnam, the certificate now normally needs an apostille from the Hong Kong High Court, because the Apostille Convention entered into force for Vietnam on 11 September 2026. In Vietnam, it then needs a notarised Vietnamese translation before it goes into an investment or enterprise regi
When founders compare Vietnam vs Singapore for business, the honest answer is that the two countries do different jobs. Singapore offers a 17% headline corporate tax rate, a fast online registration and a strong base for holding, finance and regional management. Vietnam offers a large workforce at a much lower wage level, a growing domestic market and a 20% standard corporate tax rate, with lower rates for small companies. Many Singapore groups use both: a Singapore holding c
Foreign investors in Vietnam usually choose between four structures: a single-member limited liability company (LLC), a multi-member LLC, a joint stock company (JSC), or a non-company presence such as a representative office or branch. Most foreign-owned businesses start as a single-member LLC because it is simple to run and can be 100% foreign-owned in most sectors. A JSC suits companies that plan to raise capital or bring in many shareholders, while a representative office
A foreign investor setting up a new company in Vietnam usually needs two licences. The Investment Registration Certificate (IRC) approves the investment project: what you will do, where, with how much capital and on what schedule. The Enterprise Registration Certificate (ERC) creates the company as a legal entity and gives it an enterprise code that is also its tax code. Under the Law on Investment 2025, effective 1 March 2026, a foreign investor can now obtain the ERC first,
A 13th month salary is not required by Vietnamese law. Under Article 104 of the Labour Code 2019, bonuses, including a Tet bonus, are decided by the employer based on business results and each employee's performance. However, once a 13th month salary or Tet bonus is promised in an employment contract, collective agreement or bonus policy, the employer must pay it. Tet bonuses are taxable employment income, and they are usually paid in the weeks before Lunar New Year, which fa
A 13th month salary is not required by Vietnamese law. Under Article 104 of the Labour Code 2019, bonuses, including a Tet bonus, are decided by the employer based on business results and each employee's performance. However, once a 13th month salary or Tet bonus is promised in an employment contract, collective agreement or bonus policy, the employer must pay it. Tet bonuses are taxable employment income, and they are usually paid in the weeks before Lunar New Year, which fa
Vietnam market entry requirements depend on what your business plans to do. A US company may sell through a Vietnam-based importer or distributor without establishing a local company. It may consider a representative office for permitted market research and liaison activities. If it plans to run its own operations in Vietnam, it should assess an appropriate company or investment structure. Start by identifying who will contract, import, invoice, employ and obtain the required
Vietnam FDI statistics for January–September 2026 show USD 50.36 billion in registered foreign investment and an estimated USD 21.07 billion in disbursed FDI. Registered investment measures new commitments, increases to existing projects, and foreign capital contributions or share purchases. Disbursed FDI measures investment implemented during the period. The two figures answer different questions and should not be treated as money committed and then fully paid out by the sam
A Vietnam work visa addresses a foreign employee’s immigration status. LĐ1 relates to a work-permit exemption; LĐ2 relates to work for which a permit is required. Neither visa category replaces the need to establish the person’s right to work. Employers should assess the actual job, labour documents, sponsor, and length of stay before preparing a visa application. What Is a Vietnam Work Visa? Three different documents answer different questions: Document Main question it answ
A foreign investor can acquire a business in Vietnam by buying shares or capital, purchasing selected assets, or completing a merger. The suitable route depends on the business being acquired, its liabilities, foreign investment conditions, and the requirements triggered by that specific transaction. Before making an offer, map the parties, ownership percentages, activities, assets, and intended payment route. What Are the Main Ways to Acquire a Business in Vietnam? Structure
A foreign business can apply to register a trademark in Vietnam without first establishing a Vietnamese company. It must choose the appropriate applicant and filing route, and may need to act through an authorised industrial property representative in Vietnam. The process is check the mark → choose goods and services → prepare and file → examination → decision. A trademark already registered in Hong Kong does not automatically receive protection in Vietnam. What Does Trademar
A Hong Kong "certificate of good standing" is officially called a Certificate of Continuing Registration (CCR). The Companies Registry issues it for HK$170 for a live local company. For use in Vietnam, the certificate now normally needs an apostille from the Hong Kong High Court, because the Apostille Convention entered into force for Vietnam on 11 September 2026. In Vietnam, it then needs a notarised Vietnamese translation before it goes into an investment or enterprise regi
A Hong Kong "certificate of good standing" is officially called a Certificate of Continuing Registration (CCR). The Companies Registry issues it for HK$170 for a live local company. For use in Vietnam, the certificate now normally needs an apostille from the Hong Kong High Court, because the Apostille Convention entered into force for Vietnam on 11 September 2026. In Vietnam, it then needs a notarised Vietnamese translation before it goes into an investment or enterprise regi
When founders compare Vietnam vs Singapore for business, the honest answer is that the two countries do different jobs. Singapore offers a 17% headline corporate tax rate, a fast online registration and a strong base for holding, finance and regional management. Vietnam offers a large workforce at a much lower wage level, a growing domestic market and a 20% standard corporate tax rate, with lower rates for small companies. Many Singapore groups use both: a Singapore holding c
Foreign investors in Vietnam usually choose between four structures: a single-member limited liability company (LLC), a multi-member LLC, a joint stock company (JSC), or a non-company presence such as a representative office or branch. Most foreign-owned businesses start as a single-member LLC because it is simple to run and can be 100% foreign-owned in most sectors. A JSC suits companies that plan to raise capital or bring in many shareholders, while a representative office
A foreign investor setting up a new company in Vietnam usually needs two licences. The Investment Registration Certificate (IRC) approves the investment project: what you will do, where, with how much capital and on what schedule. The Enterprise Registration Certificate (ERC) creates the company as a legal entity and gives it an enterprise code that is also its tax code. Under the Law on Investment 2025, effective 1 March 2026, a foreign investor can now obtain the ERC first,
Doing business in Vietnam involves more than just initial market entry. Once established, companies must manage a steady stream of contracts, internal approvals, corporate changes, and recurring compliance requirements. Once established, companies must manage a steady stream of contracts, internal approvals, corporate changes, and recurring compliance requirements. Without the right legal support for businesses in Vietnam, these administrative and regulatory tasks can quickly
Establishing a legal presence in Vietnam begins with one foundational step: completing formal business name registration before conducting any commercial activity. For foreign investors and FDI companies entering one of Southeast Asia's most dynamic markets, this process sets the legal and operational foundation for everything that follows, from opening bank accounts to signing supplier contracts and applying for sector-specific licenses.
Vietnam corporate income tax (CIT) is charged at a standard rate of 20% on taxable profit. Smaller companies can pay 15% or 17%, depending on the previous year's revenue. Qualifying investment projects can get lower rates and tax holidays. Foreign-invested companies are set up under Vietnamese law, so they file and pay CIT like any other Vietnamese company. This guide explains the current rates, incentives, deductible costs, loss rules and filing deadlines under the 2025 CIT
Vietnam corporate income tax (CIT) is charged at a standard rate of 20% on taxable profit. Smaller companies can pay 15% or 17%, depending on the previous year's revenue. Qualifying investment projects can get lower rates and tax holidays. Foreign-invested companies are set up under Vietnamese law, so they file and pay CIT like any other Vietnamese company. This guide explains the current rates, incentives, deductible costs, loss rules and filing deadlines under the 2025 CIT
Most Vietnam tax deadlines 2027 follow a simple pattern. Monthly returns are due by the 20th of the next month. Quarterly returns and provisional corporate income tax (CIT) payments are due by the last day of the first month of the next quarter. For a calendar-year company, the big annual date is 31 March 2027, when the CIT finalization, the employer's PIT finalization and the 2026 financial statements are all due. This guide lists the recurring deadlines, the 2027 dates by m
Running payroll in Vietnam means paying at least the regional minimum wage, withholding personal income tax (PIT), paying compulsory social, health and unemployment insurance, and filing on time every month. In 2026, employers pay about 21.5% of a Vietnamese employee's insurable salary in compulsory insurance (about 20.5% for eligible foreign employees), on top of gross pay. Residents are taxed on a new five-bracket PIT table from 5% to 35%, with a personal deduction of VND 1
As of November 2026, most goods made in Vietnam and imported into the United States pay an additional 12.5% tariff under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, on top of the normal US import duty for the product (EY, 24 July 2026; Vietnam Briefing, 26 July 2026). This rate took effect on 24 July 2026. The 20% "reciprocal" tariff that applied from August 2025 is no longer collected, because the US Supreme Court ruled on 20 February 2026 that the emergency-powers law used to imp
In most manufacturing and trading companies, the warehouse belongs to operations. Accounting books whatever the warehouse sends up, and the closing balance is whatever the system says it is. This arrangement works smoothly right up until a tax inspection team sits down and asks for three things at once: the stocktake minutes, the detailed inventory ledger, and a reconciliation between raw material consumption and finished output. When those three sets of numbers do not agree,
Vietnam tax compliance in 2026 entered a new phase on 1 July, when Decree 252/2026/ND-CP took effect as the implementing framework for the Law on Tax Administration 2025 (Law No. 108/2025/QH15). Issued on 30 June 2026, the decree replaced five earlier instruments and rewrote the operating rules for registration, filing, refunds, enforcement and cross-border digital trade. For foreign-invested enterprises, the headline is not the volume of new rules. It is the shift in how the
Employees in Vietnam are entitled to 12 paid public holiday days in 2027: the 11 days set by the Labour Code plus Vietnam Culture Day on 24 November, which became a paid day off from 2026. Tet 2027 (Lunar New Year) falls on Saturday, 6 February 2027. The Ministry of Home Affairs has confirmed a seven-day Tet break from 4 to 10 February 2027 for the public sector. Private employers choose one of three statutory options and must tell staff their schedule at least 30 days in adv
Employees in Vietnam are entitled to 12 paid public holiday days in 2027: the 11 days set by the Labour Code plus Vietnam Culture Day on 24 November, which became a paid day off from 2026. Tet 2027 (Lunar New Year) falls on Saturday, 6 February 2027. The Ministry of Home Affairs has confirmed a seven-day Tet break from 4 to 10 February 2027 for the public sector. Private employers choose one of three statutory options and must tell staff their schedule at least 30 days in adv
This Vietnam Tax News 2026 roundup covers the updates foreign businesses should review now: a conditional corporate income tax reduction, 2026 payroll tax rules, VAT deductions, electronic invoices and tax administration. Start with the transactions your Vietnam operation actually makes, then check each rule’s effective date and assign someone to implement it. The guidance proposed for the newest corporate tax reduction is still a draft. Latest Vietnam Tax News 2026 at a Glan
Is Vietnam Business-Friendly for Foreign Companies? Vietnam can be an attractive market for foreign companies seeking customers, employees or a place in regional supply chains. Its suitability depends on the business model: an exporter working through a distributor faces different requirements from a company opening a factory or selling directly to consumers. Assess the opportunity alongside the market access, licensing and operating costs of your specific activity. Each pote
Vietnam working culture is the set of everyday practices through which people communicate, collaborate, make decisions and manage work in a particular workplace. National context may influence expectations, but it cannot tell a manager how an individual employee or team prefers to work. Why Workplace Practices Vary Across Vietnamese Companies A locally owned business and a foreign-invested company may use different reporting lines. An office team coordinating international pr
Vietnam has expanded the role of the VNeID account in electronic transactions under Decree No. 320/2026/ND-CP. Effective from September 28, 2026, the new framework requires specified electronic transaction accounts to be linked and authenticated with an appropriate electronic identification account. The change is relevant not only to individual users. Foreign-invested companies may also need to review the accounts they use for banking, e-commerce, electronic invoicing, teleco
Vietnam has solidified its position as a global manufacturing and service hub, witnessing a historic 297,500 new market entrants in 2025 . However, for foreign investors looking into Vietnam company incorporation or a large-scale factory setup, the practical reality of doing business depends entirely on the province you choose. Furthermore, market sentiment remains highly bullish, with 85.7% of surveyed enterprises stating they plan to maintain or expand their operations in t
The Vietnamese market is home to about 102.3 million people and produced a GDP of about US$514 billion in 2025, or roughly US$5,026 per person, according to Vietnam's National Statistics Office (NSO). The economy grew 8.02% in 2025 and 9.01% in the first nine months of 2026. Household demand is rising with incomes, and the digital economy reached an estimated US$39 billion in 2025. For foreign companies, the main questions are which customers to target and which entry route f
The Vietnamese market is home to about 102.3 million people and produced a GDP of about US$514 billion in 2025, or roughly US$5,026 per person, according to Vietnam's National Statistics Office (NSO). The economy grew 8.02% in 2025 and 9.01% in the first nine months of 2026. Household demand is rising with incomes, and the digital economy reached an estimated US$39 billion in 2025. For foreign companies, the main questions are which customers to target and which entry route f
Selecting effective business names represents foundational business decisions affecting brand recognition, customer memorability, and long-term market positioning. Entrepreneurs establishing Vietnam operations encounter unique naming challenges requiring understanding both international branding principles and local regulatory requirements.
For businesses and investors monitoring economic conditions affecting operational performance and investment decisions, understanding economic indicator timing and data sources proves essential for informed strategy development.
Understanding a country's economic performance is crucial for investors, entrepreneurs, and policy makers making strategic decisions in global markets. Whether you're entering Vietnam's fast-growing economy, expanding in Hong Kong, evaluating opportunities in the United States, or exploring the United Kingdom, mastering economic performance metrics and indicators helps you accurately gauge market potential, risks, and growth prospects.
Understanding the definition of money in economics proves essential for anyone engaging in business operations, financial planning, or investment decisions. Despite encountering definition of money macroeconomics frequently, many people struggle articulating precisely what money definition economics encompasses beyond recognizing physical currency.
For Taiwan enterprises establishing operations in Vietnam, understanding economic factors affecting business represents essential strategic intelligence informing operational decisions and financial planning. Vietnam's dynamic economy operates within macroeconomic frameworks combining government policy, market dynamics, and global trade relationships that directly impact business profitability and expansion timelines.
Since diplomatic normalization in 1995, Vietnam US trade and investment ties have moved from a modest starting point to one of the most dynamic economic relationships in the Indo-Pacific. The upgrade of the relationship to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2023 signaled that both sides see each other as long-term, strategic partners in trade, technology, and supply-chain resilience. By late 2025, the United States had firmly remained Vietnam’s largest export market, w
Since diplomatic normalization in 1995, Vietnam US trade and investment ties have moved from a modest starting point to one of the most dynamic economic relationships in the Indo-Pacific. The upgrade of the relationship to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2023 signaled that both sides see each other as long-term, strategic partners in trade, technology, and supply-chain resilience. By late 2025, the United States had firmly remained Vietnam’s largest export market, w
Vietnam’s digital economy is no longer “emerging”—it is scaling fast, getting tougher, and becoming more regulated by the month. The Vietnam e-commerce market 2025 is projected to hit US$26–28 billion in online retail, backed by young consumers, rising incomes, and aggressive platform investment. But growth doesn’t automatically mean easy wins. Competition is turning into a subsidy-driven battlefield, logistics costs are rising, and policymakers are moving toward stricter c
Vietnam has become one of Asia’s most attractive destinations for manufacturing, sourcing and consumer sales. But for many foreign businesses, the first real obstacle appears at the border: complex customs rules, strict licensing requirements, and the need for a local legal entity to import goods. If you don’t yet have a company in Vietnam, or you’re only shipping small volumes, setting everything up just to bring in a few shipments can feel excessive. That is where an Import
The tourism industries have transformed into essential drivers of international cooperation, reshaping how countries connect and celebrate their cultural heritage. In today's interconnected world, distinctive tourism industries serve as vital conduits between different societies, while exchanges tourism industries create substantial value that extends beyond simple border crossings.
The tourism industry has become one of the world’s most influential economic engines. According to UN Tourism , global tourism industries account for more than 10 percent of global GDP and sustain over 350 million jobs. Under the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) framework, each component of the tourism industry — from accommodation to transport — is measured by its direct contribution to visitor spending, employment, and growth. Vietnam’s tourism industry now ranks among Asi
The landscape of global industries is undergoing unprecedented transformation as the green transition reshapes manufacturing, trade, and investment patterns worldwide. Climate imperatives, regulatory pressures, and evolving consumer expectations are driving industries across all sectors toward sustainable practices. This shift represents not merely environmental compliance but a fundamental reimagining of how global industries operate, compete, and create value. Record rene
Vietnam’s digital economy is no longer “emerging”—it is scaling fast, getting tougher, and becoming more regulated by the month. The Vietnam e-commerce market 2025 is projected to hit US$26–28 billion in online retail, backed by young consumers, rising incomes, and aggressive platform investment. But growth doesn’t automatically mean easy wins. Competition is turning into a subsidy-driven battlefield, logistics costs are rising, and policymakers are moving toward stricter c
1. Introduction: Understanding Vietnam and China Incorporation Systems When establishing a company in Asia, understanding Vietnam and China Incorporation requirements is essential. Both jurisdictions treat charter capital contribution as the foundation of a company’s legal and financial legitimacy — but they differ in timing, flexibility, and investor obligations. Key Aspect Vietnam Incorporation China Incorporation Regulatory Body Department of Planning and Investment (DPI)
Incorporation remains a crucial legal foundation for enterprises planning regional expansion in Southeast Asia. Both Vietnam and Singapore incorporation frameworks have progressively streamlined their company formation procedures — focusing on transparency, digitalization, and investor protection. While Singapore consistently ranks among the world’s most business-friendly jurisdictions, Vietnam and Singapore incorporation reforms highlight two complementary models: Singapor
1. Vietnam and Hong Kong — Two Dynamic Business Gateways in Asia Both Vietnam and Hong Kong play vital roles in Asia’s investment ecosystem. While Hong Kong has long been known for its efficiency, low taxation, and transparent business regulations, Vietnam has rapidly become an attractive alternative due to its economic growth, affordable labor, and strong manufacturing base. Understanding the Vietnam and Hong Kong incorporation procedures and their respective legal framewo
The real estate industry operates within one of the most intricate legal systems in modern business. Every phase of a property’s life cycle — from land acquisition and project development to licensing , construction , leasing , and divestment — involves layers of legal, financial, and administrative obligations . In this environment, legal advisory in real estate operations is not just legal support; it is a strategic compliance mechanism that protects investors, ensure
In 2025’s volatile business landscape, economic uncertainty and rising operating costs have forced many companies to re-evaluate their structures. Legal advisory for corporate restructuring and liquidation ensures that transitions are handled lawfully, transparently, and strategically — not reactively. Corporate restructuring focuses on reorganizing ownership, finance, or operations to improve stability and competitiveness.Liquidation, by contrast, is the formal process of d
1. Why Legal Advisory for Employment and HR Is Essential for Businesses In Vietnam’s fast-evolving labor landscape, Legal Advisory for Employment and HR is no longer optional — it’s a legal necessity. This service helps businesses lawfully manage their workforce, prevent disputes, and ensure all HR operations comply with the Vietnam Labor Code 2019 and related decrees. At Vinex , our Legal Advisory for Employment and HR team assists companies in building a strong compliance
Starting July 1, 2025 , all companies operating in Vietnam must complete the Incorporation Corporate e-ID Transition , as existing corporate accounts on the National Public Service Portal will no longer be valid. This marks a major step in Vietnam’s administrative digitalization effort, requiring every business — including foreign-invested enterprises, representative offices, and branches — to register a corporate electronic identification (e-ID) account. Through this incor
The tourism industry has become one of the world’s most influential economic engines. According to UN Tourism , global tourism industries account for more than 10 percent of global GDP and sustain over 350 million jobs. Under the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) framework, each component of the tourism industry — from accommodation to transport — is measured by its direct contribution to visitor spending, employment, and growth. Vietnam’s tourism industry now ranks among Asi
In many parts of the world, economic growth is no longer measured only by rising output, expanding infrastructure, or the number of new investors entering a market. The conversation has shifted toward a broader question: How do we build an economy that remains resilient, competitive, and inclusive over time? This is where the concept of Economy Transformation becomes central. It represents a strategic shift from simply increasing production to redesigning the structure of th
Vietnam’s real estate and industrial leasing markets are expanding rapidly, especially in Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, and Bac Ninh. As foreign investment increases, leasing contracts have become more complex — covering warehouses, offices, apartments, and retail spaces. For both landlords and tenants, engaging in a legal advisory leasing contract is not just a formality; it’s a safeguard. Legal advisors ensure that every lease complies with Vietnamese law, aligns with int
As Vietnam continues to attract global investors, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have become a major driver of business growth and market expansion. These transactions allow investors to enter new industries, scale operations, and gain competitive advantages. However, M&A processes are inherently complex — involving multiple legal, financial, and compliance procedures. Understanding the legal advisory aspects in mergers and acquisitions is therefore crucial to ensure that eac
Setting up a company in Vietnam involves more than getting business licenses. After receiving the Investment Registration Certificate (IRC) and Enterprise Registration Certificate (ERC) , investors must complete post-licensing procedures — a series of steps that turn a licensed entity into a fully operational company. Without these steps, the enterprise cannot open a bank account, issue invoices, or pay taxes. According to Vietnam Briefing (2024) , nearly 30% of foreign-inv
Transforming a business concept into a fully operational enterprise requires navigating Vietnam's structured company incorporation framework. Vietnam company incorporation represents more than administrative paperwork; it establishes your legal identity, protects your assets, and opens doors to Southeast Asia's fastest-growing markets. Understanding Vietnam company incorporation legal entity types helps you select the optimal structure for your business objectives, while m
As Vietnam’s economy accelerates with expanding foreign investments and dynamic trade partnerships, businesses face both opportunity and complexity. Navigating Vietnam’s evolving legal framework requires precision, local expertise, and strategic foresight. This is where legal advisory services play a pivotal role—helping enterprises maintain compliance, minimize risks, and achieve sustainable growth. 1. Understanding Legal Advisory Legal advisory , also known as legal consul
The global economy landscape presents divergent paths for developing nations, some rapidly converging with advanced economies, others struggling to maintain momentum. Understanding economic growth patterns requires examining how countries transform their productive capabilities and navigate structural challenges. Success in the modern economy depends on strategic diversification, export competitiveness, and smart economy policies that address coordination failures
Nowadays an increasingly complex business landscape, organizations require more than occasional legal consultation; they need strategic legal advisory services providing continuous guidance, proactive risk management, and comprehensive regulatory compliance support. The global legal services market, projected to reach $1.1 trillion by 2028, reflects growing recognition that professional legal guidance functions as essential business infrastructure rather than discretionary e
Legal aid stands as a fundamental component of fair justice systems worldwide. While the global legal services market approaches $1.1 trillion, millions of low-income individuals face a critical justice gap unable to afford professional legal representation when they need it most. Legal aid plays a crucial role in promoting equal treatment under the law regardless of financial circumstances, transforming professional legal guidance from privilege into essential right. Tec